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Abstract
The professional attitude of the teacher is a basic functional variable that provides instructions for changes in a teacher's behavior. The factors that influence the professional attitude of teachers include transformational leadership of school principals, job satisfaction, and teacher achievement motivation. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of the principal's transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and achievement motivation to the professional attitude of teachers. This study used a quantitative approach with a sample of 177 teachers selected using a proportional sampling technique from a population of 322 teachers in public elementary schools in Alalak Barito Kuala District. The data was collected using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Before the data were analyzed using regression analysis, the data had passed the prerequisite test, which consisted of normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. Then proceed with path analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a contribution of transformational leadership to the professional attitude of teachers; transformational leadership towards teacher professional attitudes; achievement motivation towards the professional attitude of teachers; achievement motivation on job satisfaction; job satisfaction with the professional attitude of teachers; indirect contribution of transformational leadership through job satisfaction to the professional attitude of teachers; and achievement motivation through job satisfaction with teachers' professional attitudes.
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How to Cite
Hilal, N., Suriansyah, A., & Ngadimun. (2021). Transformational Leadership Contribution of Headmaster, Work Satisfaction, and Achievement Motivation towards Professional Attitudes of State Elementary Schools Teachers in Alalak District, Barito Kuala. Journal of K6 Education and Management, 4(4), 487 -. https://doi.org/10.11594/jk6em.04.04.12
References
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Atmodiwirio, S. dan T. (2010). Indonesian Education Management. Ardaditya Jaya.
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Beerel, A. (2009). Leadership and Change Management. Publication Ltd.
Djamrah, S. B. (2015). Teachers and Students in Student Interaction. PT. Rineka Cipta.
Emzir. (2008). Transformationanl Leadership.
Febriani, H., Aslamiah, S., M., & Sin, I. (2019). The Contribution of Principal Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation, Through Satisfaction with OCB Teachers. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 160.
Handoko, T. (2008). Personnel and Human Resources Management (2nd Editio). BPFE.
Haris, A. (2009). The Effect of Land Use Management on the Success of Infrastructure and Economic Development. In Bappenas. Bappenas.
Hasanah. (2019). The Effect of Leadership Style and Work Ethic on Performance with Work Motivation as an Intervening Variable in Vocational High School Teachers in Banjarmasin City. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Hasibuan, M. (2017). Human Resource Management (Revised Ed). Bumi Aksara.
Husaini, U. (2019). Management: Theory, Practice, and Educational Research. PT. Bumi Aksara.
Husna, M. (2018). Contribution of Transformational Leadership for Principal Madrasah Ibtidayah, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment to OCB Guru at MIN in Banjarmasin City. Unpublished thesis. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Ihsani, S., Inderawati, R., & Vianty, M. (2020). The Transformational Leadership Behaviours of School Principals of Vocational High School in Palembang. Tadbir : Jurnal Studi Manajemen Pendidikan, 4(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.29240/jsmp.v4i1.1203
Ilmi, Z., & Rizalie, A. M. (2020). School Principal Leadership Behavior – A Multi Case Study. Journal of K6.
Imron, F. (2018). Teacher Professional Ethics. IAIN Jember Press.
Karlberg-Granlund, G. (2019). Exploring the challenge of working in a small school and community: Uncovering hidden tensions. Journal of Rural Studies, 72, 293–305. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.10.017
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Kulikowski, K., Przytuła, S., & Sułkowski, Ł. (2021). The motivation of academics in remote teaching during the covid-19 pandemic in polish universities—opening the debate on a new equilibrium in e-learning. Sustainability (Switzerland, 13(5), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052752
Lishawati. (2016). Contribution of Work Motivation and Emotional Intelligence to Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of Public High School Teachers in East Barito Regency. Unpublished thesis. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Lourmpas, S., & Dakopoulou, A. (2014). Educational Leaders and Teachers’ Motivation for Engagement in Innovative Programmes. The Case of Greece. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 3359–3364. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.764
Luthans, F. (2006). Organizational Behavior Translated by Vivin A Yuwono et al. First edition. ANDI.
MacIntosh, E. W., & Doherty, A. (2010). The influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction and intention to leave. Sport Management Review, 13(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2009.04.006
Mansor, Z. D., Mustaffa, M., & Salleh, L. M. (2015). Motivation and Willingness to Participate in Knowledge Sharing Activities Among Academics in a Public University. Procedia Economics and Finance, 31, 286–293. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01188-0
Marlina, D., Suriansyah, A., & Metroyadi. (2019). The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance Through Teacher Discipline. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 342.
Martono, S. (2013). Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Program Studi Melalui Optimalisasi Peran Pimpinan. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 33, 35.
McCauley, P., & Lee, E. (2015). A Call to Leadership. Success Strategies from Women.
Meithiana, I. (2017). Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance Overview of the Dimensions of Organizational Climate, Individual Creativity, and Job Characteristics. Indomedia Pustaka.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
Molden, D. C., & Dweck, C. S. (2000). Chapter 6 - Meaning and motivation. In C. Sansone & J. M. B. T.-I. and E. M. Harackiewicz (Eds.), Educational Psychology (pp. 131–159). Academic Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012619070-0/50028-3
Mulyasa. (2014). Development and Implementation of the 2013 Curriculum. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mulyono. (2017). Manajemen Administrasi dan Organisasi Pendidikan. Ar-Ruzz Media.
Murni, S., & Rivai, V. (2015). Education & Management (Analisis Teori &Praktik. Rajawali Pers.
Nakamura, J., & Dubin, M. (2015). Flow in Motivational Psychology. International Enclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Science.
Nguyen, T. T., Mia, L., Winata, L., & Chong, V. K. (2017). Effect of transformational-leadership style and management control system on managerial performance. Journal of Business Research, 70, 202–213. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.08.018
Nidjo, S. (2011). Path Analysis Method and Its Application. Pustaka Sinar Harapan.
Nimas, A., & Mirwan, S. (2018). Employee Job Satisfaction: A Literature Study. Diponegoro Journal Of Management, 7(mor 4), 1–11.
Normianti, H., Aslamiah, & Suhaimi. (2019). Relationship of Transformational Leaders of Principal, Teacher Motivation, Teacher Organization Commitments with Performance of Primary School Teachers in Labuan Amas Selatan, Indonesia. European Journal of Education Studies, 126.
Nurwati. (2020). Transformational Leadership Relationship, Headmaster Academic Supervision, and Achievement Motivation with Teacher Performance. Journal of K6.
Øgaard, T. (2014). korelasional, eksperimen, ex post facto, etnografi, grounded theory, action research. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Oliver, G. (2011). The Significance of Organizational Culture. Orgaizational Culture for Information Managers.
Poernamawijaya, L. W., Sulaiman, Suriansyah, A., & Dalle, J. (2018). Contribution On Supervision Of Supervisor , Principals Motivation , Kindergarten Teacher Performance To Improving The Kindergarten Quality In West Banjarmasin, Indonesia. European Journal of Alternative Education Studies, 3(2), 129–146. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2261031
Rivai, V. (2018). Human resource management for companies. Remaja Roesdakarya.
Rivai, V. (2019). Leadership and Organizational Behavior. Rajawali Pers.
Robbins, S. P. (2016). Organizational Behavior: Concepts, controversies, applications (10th Editi). Prenhallindo.
Robbins, S. P. (2019). Organizational Behavior, translation by Hadyana Pajatmaka & Benyamin Molan. Prenhallindo.
Suhaimi, & Khalik, A. (2018). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah pada SMP.
Sukmadinata. (2017). Educational Research Methods. PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Sulaxono, L. R. (2020). Relationship of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation Through Discipline and Teacher Performance. Journal of K6.
Suriansyah, A, & Aslamiah. (2015). Strategi Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah, Guru, Orang Tua, dan Masyarakat dalam Membentuk Karakter Siswa. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 238.
Suriansyah, Ahmad. (2014). School Cultural Relations, Communication, and Work Commitment to the Performance of Public Elementary School Teachers. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 33(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v3i3.2380
Suriansyah, Ahmad, Aslamiah, A., & Sulistiyana, S. (2015). Professional Teacher Perspective Education Profession. Rajawali Pers.
Syarifan, N. (2015). Teaching Profession Concepts and Applications. Penerbit Samudra Biru.
Taufiqharahap, M. (2017). The Effect Of Transformational Leadership And Academic Optimism Culture On Teacher Empowerment And Motivation Along Its Impact On The Effectiveness Of Medan State Junior High School. International Journal on Language, Research and Education Studies, 1(1), 119–129. https://doi.org/10.30575/2017/IJLRES-2020050807
Tilaar. (2016). National Education Standardization. A practical overview. Rineka Cipta.
Titisari, P. (2014). The role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in improving employee performance. Rineka Cipta.
Toha, M. (2020). Organizational behavior. CV. Rajawali.
Tohidi, H., & Jabbari, M. M. (2012). The effects of motivation in education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 820–824. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.148
Touré-Tillery, M., & Fishbach, A. (2011). The course of motivation. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 21(4), 414–423. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2011.04.004
Trigueros, R., Padilla, A., Aguilar-Parra, J. M., Mercader, I., López-Liria, R., & Rocamora, P. (2020). The influence of transformational teacher leadership on academic motivation and resilience, burnout and academic performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(20), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207687
Turabik, T., & Baskan, G. A. (2015). The Importance of Motivation Theories in Terms Of Education Systems. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 1055–1063. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.006
Usman, H. (2010). Management, theory, practice and educational research. Bumi Ahsara.
Usman, Husaini. (2017). Management: Theory, Practice, and Educational Research (4th Editio). Bumi Aksara.
William, & Carmen. (2014). How Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation Influence Work Ethic and Performance. University of Pennsylvania, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.
William, D. J. (2009). Minnesota Studies in Focational Rehabiltation Vocational Psychology Research. University of Minnessota.
Wirawan. (2018). Leadership: Theory, Psychology, Organizational Behavior, Applications and Research. PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Ardiansyah. (2013). Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Communication with Teacher Job Satisfaction at Hulu Sungai Tengah Junior High School. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Ariani, D. N., Saad, N. S., Yusuf, Q., & Dalle, J. (2014). The Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge ( TPACK ) among Mathematics Teachers in Primary Schools. September 2016.
Arman, F. (2019). The Future of Leadership Organizations. Journal of Leadership & Organizations, 7, 19–40.
Atmodiwirio, S. dan T. (2010). Indonesian Education Management. Ardaditya Jaya.
Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (2004). Transformasional Leadership: Charisma and bayond.MA. Livingstone Book.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformasional Leadership (Second). Lawrence Eribaum Associates. Publisbers.
Beerel, A. (2009). Leadership and Change Management. Publication Ltd.
Djamrah, S. B. (2015). Teachers and Students in Student Interaction. PT. Rineka Cipta.
Emzir. (2008). Transformationanl Leadership.
Febriani, H., Aslamiah, S., M., & Sin, I. (2019). The Contribution of Principal Transformational Leadership, Work Motivation, Through Satisfaction with OCB Teachers. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 160.
Handoko, T. (2008). Personnel and Human Resources Management (2nd Editio). BPFE.
Haris, A. (2009). The Effect of Land Use Management on the Success of Infrastructure and Economic Development. In Bappenas. Bappenas.
Hasanah. (2019). The Effect of Leadership Style and Work Ethic on Performance with Work Motivation as an Intervening Variable in Vocational High School Teachers in Banjarmasin City. Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Hasibuan, M. (2017). Human Resource Management (Revised Ed). Bumi Aksara.
Husaini, U. (2019). Management: Theory, Practice, and Educational Research. PT. Bumi Aksara.
Husna, M. (2018). Contribution of Transformational Leadership for Principal Madrasah Ibtidayah, Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment to OCB Guru at MIN in Banjarmasin City. Unpublished thesis. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Ihsani, S., Inderawati, R., & Vianty, M. (2020). The Transformational Leadership Behaviours of School Principals of Vocational High School in Palembang. Tadbir : Jurnal Studi Manajemen Pendidikan, 4(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.29240/jsmp.v4i1.1203
Ilmi, Z., & Rizalie, A. M. (2020). School Principal Leadership Behavior – A Multi Case Study. Journal of K6.
Imron, F. (2018). Teacher Professional Ethics. IAIN Jember Press.
Karlberg-Granlund, G. (2019). Exploring the challenge of working in a small school and community: Uncovering hidden tensions. Journal of Rural Studies, 72, 293–305. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.10.017
Kartono, K. (2005). Leader and Leadership. PT. Rajagrafindo.
Karyawati, E., & Priansa, D. J. (2013). Performance and Professionalism of Principals. Alfabeta.
Kelimeda, H., Ridwan, M. I., & Dalle, J. (2018). The Effect Of Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Job Discipline Toward Employee Performance of PT. Buma Perindahindo at LNG Tangguh Site, Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua, Indonesia. European Journal of Human Resource Management Studies, 50.
Kulikowski, K., Przytuła, S., & Sułkowski, Ł. (2021). The motivation of academics in remote teaching during the covid-19 pandemic in polish universities—opening the debate on a new equilibrium in e-learning. Sustainability (Switzerland, 13(5), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052752
Lishawati. (2016). Contribution of Work Motivation and Emotional Intelligence to Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of Public High School Teachers in East Barito Regency. Unpublished thesis. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
Lourmpas, S., & Dakopoulou, A. (2014). Educational Leaders and Teachers’ Motivation for Engagement in Innovative Programmes. The Case of Greece. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 3359–3364. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.764
Luthans, F. (2006). Organizational Behavior Translated by Vivin A Yuwono et al. First edition. ANDI.
MacIntosh, E. W., & Doherty, A. (2010). The influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction and intention to leave. Sport Management Review, 13(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2009.04.006
Mansor, Z. D., Mustaffa, M., & Salleh, L. M. (2015). Motivation and Willingness to Participate in Knowledge Sharing Activities Among Academics in a Public University. Procedia Economics and Finance, 31, 286–293. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)01188-0
Marlina, D., Suriansyah, A., & Metroyadi. (2019). The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance Through Teacher Discipline. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 342.
Martono, S. (2013). Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Program Studi Melalui Optimalisasi Peran Pimpinan. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 33, 35.
McCauley, P., & Lee, E. (2015). A Call to Leadership. Success Strategies from Women.
Meithiana, I. (2017). Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance Overview of the Dimensions of Organizational Climate, Individual Creativity, and Job Characteristics. Indomedia Pustaka.
Meyer, J. P., & Allen, N. J. (1991). A three-component conceptualization of organizational commitment. Human Resource Management Review, 1(1), 61–89. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/1053-4822(91)90011-Z
Molden, D. C., & Dweck, C. S. (2000). Chapter 6 - Meaning and motivation. In C. Sansone & J. M. B. T.-I. and E. M. Harackiewicz (Eds.), Educational Psychology (pp. 131–159). Academic Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012619070-0/50028-3
Mulyasa. (2014). Development and Implementation of the 2013 Curriculum. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mulyono. (2017). Manajemen Administrasi dan Organisasi Pendidikan. Ar-Ruzz Media.
Murni, S., & Rivai, V. (2015). Education & Management (Analisis Teori &Praktik. Rajawali Pers.
Nakamura, J., & Dubin, M. (2015). Flow in Motivational Psychology. International Enclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Science.
Nguyen, T. T., Mia, L., Winata, L., & Chong, V. K. (2017). Effect of transformational-leadership style and management control system on managerial performance. Journal of Business Research, 70, 202–213. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.08.018
Nidjo, S. (2011). Path Analysis Method and Its Application. Pustaka Sinar Harapan.
Nimas, A., & Mirwan, S. (2018). Employee Job Satisfaction: A Literature Study. Diponegoro Journal Of Management, 7(mor 4), 1–11.
Normianti, H., Aslamiah, & Suhaimi. (2019). Relationship of Transformational Leaders of Principal, Teacher Motivation, Teacher Organization Commitments with Performance of Primary School Teachers in Labuan Amas Selatan, Indonesia. European Journal of Education Studies, 126.
Nurwati. (2020). Transformational Leadership Relationship, Headmaster Academic Supervision, and Achievement Motivation with Teacher Performance. Journal of K6.
Øgaard, T. (2014). korelasional, eksperimen, ex post facto, etnografi, grounded theory, action research. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Oliver, G. (2011). The Significance of Organizational Culture. Orgaizational Culture for Information Managers.
Poernamawijaya, L. W., Sulaiman, Suriansyah, A., & Dalle, J. (2018). Contribution On Supervision Of Supervisor , Principals Motivation , Kindergarten Teacher Performance To Improving The Kindergarten Quality In West Banjarmasin, Indonesia. European Journal of Alternative Education Studies, 3(2), 129–146. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2261031
Rivai, V. (2018). Human resource management for companies. Remaja Roesdakarya.
Rivai, V. (2019). Leadership and Organizational Behavior. Rajawali Pers.
Robbins, S. P. (2016). Organizational Behavior: Concepts, controversies, applications (10th Editi). Prenhallindo.
Robbins, S. P. (2019). Organizational Behavior, translation by Hadyana Pajatmaka & Benyamin Molan. Prenhallindo.
Suhaimi, & Khalik, A. (2018). Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah pada SMP.
Sukmadinata. (2017). Educational Research Methods. PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Sulaxono, L. R. (2020). Relationship of Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation Through Discipline and Teacher Performance. Journal of K6.
Suriansyah, A, & Aslamiah. (2015). Strategi Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah, Guru, Orang Tua, dan Masyarakat dalam Membentuk Karakter Siswa. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 238.
Suriansyah, Ahmad. (2014). School Cultural Relations, Communication, and Work Commitment to the Performance of Public Elementary School Teachers. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 33(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v3i3.2380
Suriansyah, Ahmad, Aslamiah, A., & Sulistiyana, S. (2015). Professional Teacher Perspective Education Profession. Rajawali Pers.
Syarifan, N. (2015). Teaching Profession Concepts and Applications. Penerbit Samudra Biru.
Taufiqharahap, M. (2017). The Effect Of Transformational Leadership And Academic Optimism Culture On Teacher Empowerment And Motivation Along Its Impact On The Effectiveness Of Medan State Junior High School. International Journal on Language, Research and Education Studies, 1(1), 119–129. https://doi.org/10.30575/2017/IJLRES-2020050807
Tilaar. (2016). National Education Standardization. A practical overview. Rineka Cipta.
Titisari, P. (2014). The role of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in improving employee performance. Rineka Cipta.
Toha, M. (2020). Organizational behavior. CV. Rajawali.
Tohidi, H., & Jabbari, M. M. (2012). The effects of motivation in education. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 31, 820–824. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.12.148
Touré-Tillery, M., & Fishbach, A. (2011). The course of motivation. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 21(4), 414–423. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2011.04.004
Trigueros, R., Padilla, A., Aguilar-Parra, J. M., Mercader, I., López-Liria, R., & Rocamora, P. (2020). The influence of transformational teacher leadership on academic motivation and resilience, burnout and academic performance. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(20), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207687
Turabik, T., & Baskan, G. A. (2015). The Importance of Motivation Theories in Terms Of Education Systems. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 186, 1055–1063. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.04.006
Usman, H. (2010). Management, theory, practice and educational research. Bumi Ahsara.
Usman, Husaini. (2017). Management: Theory, Practice, and Educational Research (4th Editio). Bumi Aksara.
William, & Carmen. (2014). How Transformational Leadership and Work Motivation Influence Work Ethic and Performance. University of Pennsylvania, Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism.
William, D. J. (2009). Minnesota Studies in Focational Rehabiltation Vocational Psychology Research. University of Minnessota.
Wirawan. (2018). Leadership: Theory, Psychology, Organizational Behavior, Applications and Research. PT RajaGrafindo Persada.