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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship (1) principals' managerial skills with organizational climate, (2) academic oversight skills with organizational climate, (3) principals managerial skills on teacher performance, (4) academic supervision skills on teacher performance , (5) organizational climate on teacher performance, (6) principals' managerial skills regarding teacher performance through organizational climate as an intervening variable, (7) academic supervision skills on teacher performance through organizational climate as an intervening variable. Meanwhile, this type of research is quantitative research with Ex-Post Facto design. This research was conducted with a total of 31 school respondents. The sampling technique used in this study was a questionnaire. Hypothesis testing is done by multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 26 for windows. Based on the results of the study it was found that (1) there was a relationship between the principal's managerial skills to the organizational climate with a path coefficient of 0.327; (2) there is a relationship between academic supervision skills and organizational climate with a path coefficient of 0.624; (3) there is a relationship between the principal's managerial skills and teacher performance with a path coefficient of 0.457; (4) there is a relationship between academic supervision skills and teacher performance with a path coefficient of 0.277; (5) there is a relationship between organizational climate and teacher performance with a path coefficient of 0.272; (6) there is a relationship between the principal's managerial skills and teacher performance through the organizational climate as an intervening variable with an indirect path coefficient of 0.5459; (7) there is a relationship between academic supervision skills and teacher performance through organizational climate as an intervening variable with an indirect path coefficient of 0.4516.
Article Details
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How to Cite
Jaidie, A., Effendi, R., & Sulaiman. (2020). Relationship of Principal’s Managerial Skills and Academic Supervision Skills through Organizational Climate to Teacher Performance in Public Elementary Schools in Pandawan District . Journal of K6 Education and Management, 3(2), 168-177. https://doi.org/10.11594/jk6em.03.02.08
References
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Alfionita, I. L., Muhaimi, L., & Fahruddin, F. (2019). The Influence of School Head Managerial and Teacher's Performance Abilities in the Quality of PAUD at Cluster 3 District Gerung. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 6(5), 849–856.
Amiruddin, A. (2010). The Influence of Academic Supervision of Madrasah Head and Madrasa Organizational Climate on Teacher Innovative performance. Journal of Educational Administration, 1(12), 1-10.
Amzah, M., & Evanita, S. (2014). The Effect of School Principal Supervision and Work Climate on Job Satisfaction of Public Elementary Teachers in Nan Sabaris Sub-district, Padang Pariaman Regency. Journal of Business and Public Management Research, 2(2). 11-19.
Andari, S. (2015 ). The principal's supervision management, teacher work motivation, and organizational climate contribute to the performance of elementary school teachers. Journal of Educational Sciences Research UNY, 2(8), 1-7.
Andriani, S., Kesumawati, N., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The influence of transformational leadership and work motivation on teachers' performance. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 7(7), 19–29.
Bailey, J., Hess, F., Cerf, C., Conaway, C., El-Mekki, S., Erquiaga, D., & White, J. (2020). A Blueprint for Back to School. American Enterprise Institute.
Bianome, W., Sonhadji, A., & Purnomo. (2016). The contributions of the principal's managerial skills and organizational climate towards productive teacher's professionalism of vocational high schools in Kupang. AIP Conference, 1778, p. 1.
Bilal, B., & Mangkunegara, A. (2017). The Influence of Principal's Managerial Ability, Work Motivation, and Organizational Climate on Teacher Performance (Case Study in Vocational High School of Letris Indonesia 2). SWOT, 7(2), 13-19.
Blackman, D., West, D., O'Flynn, J., Buick, F., & O'Donnell, M. (2015). Performance management: Creating high performance, not high anxiety. In W. J, L. H, & Y. S. Managing Under Austerity, Delivering Under Pressure: Performance and Productivity in Public Service (pp. 79-102). ANU Press.
Bogler, R. (2001). The influence of leadership style on teacher job satisfaction. Educational Administration Quarterly, 37(5), 662–683.
Bold, T., Filmer, D., Martin, G., Molina, E., Stacy, B., Rockmore, C., & Wane, W. (2017). Enrollment without Learning: Teacher Effort, Knowledge, and Skill in Primary Schools in Africa. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(4), 185-204.
Brown, M, K., Anfara, V. A., & Roney, K. (2004). Student achievement in high performing, suburban, middle schools, and low performing urban middle schools: Plausible explanations for the differences. Education and Urban Society, 36(4),428-456.
Burkhauser, S., Gates, S., Hamilton, L., Li, J., & Pierson, A. (2013). Laying the foundation for successful school leadership. In Laying the Foundation for Successful School Leadership (pp. 1-12). RAND Corporation.
Burkhauser, S., Pierson, A., Gates, S., & Hamilton, L. (2012a). Challenges in using outcome data to evaluate school leadership improvement efforts. In Addressing Challenges in Evaluating School Principal Improvement Efforts (pp. 7-24). RAND Corporation.
Burkhauser, S., Gates, S., Hamilton, L., & Ikemoto, G. (2012b). Background in first-year principals in Urban school districts: how actions and working conditions relate to outcomes (pp. 1-6). RAND Corporation.
Bush, T. (1998). The national professional qualification for headship: The key to effective school leadership? School Leadership and Management, 18(3), 321–333.
Davis, C. (1921). The duties of high-school principals. The School Review, 29(5), 337-350.
Faisal, A. A. (2013). The influence of the principal's managerial ability on the performance of teachers of public elementary schools in the kotagede sub-district of Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta: Hanata Widya.
Faizaluddin, F. (2020). Contribution of Academic Supervision of Madrasah Supervisors and Teacher Work Motivation on Teacher Performance in all MIN in Bandar Lampung City. State Islamic University (UIN) of Raden Intan UIN Lampung. Lampung: UIN Raden Intan Lampung.
Fitria, R. (2016). Effect of teacher competence and organizational climate on performance of teachers of islamic education in primary schools in Gunung Talang Sub-district, Solok Regency. al-fikrah: Journal of Educational Management, 2(2), 169-176.
Gonzales, G., Bozick, R., Daugherty, L., Scherer, E., Singh, R., Suarez, M., & Ryan, S. (2014). Student, Parent, and Teacher Perceptions of School Climate. In Transforming an Urban School System: Progress of New Haven School Change and New Haven Promise Education Reforms (2010–2013) (pp. 29-56). RAND Corporation.
Hallinger, P. (2005). Instructional leadership and the school principal: A passing fancy that refuses to fade away. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 4(3), 221–239.
Hamilton, L., Engberg, J., Steiner, E., Nelson, C., & Yuan, K. (2012). Principals’ leadership practices, principals’ skills, and school-and classroom-level responses to the pittsburgh principal incentive program. In improving school leadership through support, evaluation, and incentives: The pittsburgh principal incentive program (pp. 57-70). Santa Monica, CA; Arlington, VA; Pittsburgh, PA: RAND Corporation.
Hardono, H., Haryono, H., & Yusuf, A. (2017). Principal's leadership, academic supervision, and work motivation in improving teacher performance. Educational Management, 1(16), 11-19.
Idelwas, Yahya, & Alkadri, H. (2020). Contribution of school climate and principal leadership to primary school teacher performance. Journal of Basicedu, 4(2), 460-466.
Irmayani, H., Wardiah, D., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The strategy of SD Pusri in improving educational quality. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 7(7), 113–121.
Jacobson, S. (2011). Leadership effects on student achievement and sustained school success. International Journal of Educational Management, 25(1), 33–44.
Juwita, R. (2016). Contribution of academic supervision of school principals and school organization climate to teaching performance of teachers in public elementary schools in Batununggal Sub-district, Bandung City. Bandung: University of Education of Indonesia.
Kurniasih, L. (2018). Influence of teacher competence, organizational climate, and academic supervision of school principals on the performance of teachers in islamic education in public elementary schools in Sukoharjo Sub-district in 2017/208 Academic Year. Surakarta: IAIN Surakarta.
Lammers, W. J., & Badia, P. (2005). Fundamentals of behavioral research. Australia; Belmont, Ca: Thomson/Wadsworth.
Lee, M., Hallinger, P., & Walker, A. (2012). Leadership challenges in international schools in the Asia Pacific region: Evidence from program implementation of the International Baccalaureate. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 15(3), 289–310.
MacNeil, A. J., Prater, D. L., & Busch, S. C. (2019). The effects of school culture and climate on student achievement. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 12(1), 73–84.
Maghfiroh, L. (2018). The influence of principal's managerial ability level, work climate, and work motivation on the performance of pai teachers in Bahauddin Middle School Ngelom Sidoarjo. The State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel.
Manullang, M. (2017). The effect of soft skills, competence, and human relations skills on principal leadership. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(4), 14–27.
Mbera, P. G. (2015). Relationship between Leadership Styles used by Headteachers of Public Secondary Schools and Studentsâ™ Academic Performance. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 5 (7), 226–239.
Mukarromah, I., Mudjito, M., & Purbaningrum, E. (2019). The Effect of managerial skills (conceptual, human, and technical) of headmasters to the effectiveness of islamic senior high schools in jombang district. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies, 1(6), 539–544.
Mukherjee, S. (2013). A study of the managerial skills of school principals to assess their impact and relative importance in driving school’s performance. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR), 2(4), 1–6.
Murtiningsih, Kristiawan, M., & Lian, B. (2019). The correlation between supervision of headmaster and interpersonal communication with work ethos of the teacher. European Journal of Education Studies, 6(1), 246–256.
Nisa, K., Aslamiah., & Suhaimi. (2019). Relationship between the principal's leadership role, subordinate maturity, and work motivation towards the teacher's discipline. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 2 (4), 357-365.
Panut, Effendi, R., & Saleh, M. (2019). The Relationship of Chemistry Teacher Deliberation (MGMP) Activities and Academic Supervision with Teacher Performance. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 3(2), 242-245
Poernamawijaya, L. W., Sulaiman, S., Suriansyah, A., & Dalle, J. (2018). Contribution to the supervision of the supervisor, principal motivation, and kindergarten teacher performance to improve the kindergarten quality in West Banjarmasin. European Journal of Alternative Education Studies, 3(2), 129-146.
Prihantoro, C. R. (2014). The perspective of the curriculum in Indonesia on environmental education. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 4(1), 77-83.
Ruus, V. R., Veisson, M., Leino, M., Ots, L., Pallas, L., Sarv, E. S., & Veisson, A. (n.d.). Students’well-being, coping, academic success, and school climate. Social Behavior and Personality, 35(7), 919–936.
Salabi. (2014). The relationship between principal management skills, organizational communication, conflict control, and organizational climate with the effectiveness of State Aliyah Madrasah Organizations in South Kalimantan Province. IAIN Antasari. Banjarmasin: IAIN Antasari.
Sari, P. (2016). The influence of the principal's managerial capabilities on the performance of public elementary school teachers in the Sub-district of Bambang Lipuro Bantul. Basic Education, 5(17), 14-20.
Sovia, Z. (2016). Effect of principal's managerial ability and work climate on teacher work performance. Open University. Jakarta: Postgraduate of Open University.
Spencer, R. (1919). The work of the school principal in supervision. The Elementary School Journal, 20(3), 176-187.
Sudarjat, J., Abdullah, T., & Sunaryo, W. (2015). Supervision, leadership, and working motivation to teachers’ performance. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR), 3(6), 146–152.
Suhaimi & Efendi, N. (2018). The relationship of the principal's role and attitude towards the teacher's profession with the work performance of state high school teachers in the Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency. Lantern: Scientific Journal of Education, 13(1), 73-83.
Suhaimi & Wardaniah. (2017). The relationship between the supervision of school principals and achievement motivation with performance of public elementary school teachers in Tanjung Subdistrict, Tabalong Regency. National Seminar on PS2DMP ULM, 3, p. 2.
Suriansyah, A. (2011). Character education from the perspective of the national education system. Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(11), 117-130.
Suriansyah, A., Aslamiah, & Sulaiman. (2014). Learning strategies. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Suriansyah, A., Aslamiah, & Sulistiyana. (2015). Educational profession: Professional teacher perspective. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Suriansyah, A. (2015). Learning strategies. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Thomas, J., & Mengel, T. (2008). Preparing project managers to deal with complexity - Advanced project management education. International Journal of Project Management, 26(3), 304-315.
Vahim, M., Irdiana, S., & Fauziah, A. (2019). Impact of Principal Managerial Competency Standards and School Climate on the Performance of Teachers of State Vocational High 1 Tempeh. 2, pp. 460-466. Proceedings Progress Conference.
Vardi, Y. (2001). The effects of organizational and ethical climates on misconduct at work. Journal of Business Ethics, 29(2001), 325–337.
Vernez, G., Karam, R., & Marshall, J. (2012). Status of school-based management implementation. In Implementation of School-Based Management in Indonesia (pp. 39-78). RAND Corporation.
Werang, B. R. (2012). The relationship of principal's managerial skills, school climate, and teacher's work morals with the performance of public high school teachers in Merauke City. Journal of Management Applications, 595-605.
Werang, B., & Lena, L. (2014). Relationship between principal’s leadership, school organizational climate, and teachers’ job performance at state senior high schools in Merauke Regency – Papua – Indonesia. International Journal of Education and Research, 2(6), 13-20.
Winston, B., & Patterson, K. (2006). An integrative definition of leadership. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 1 (2), 6–66.
Zakariya, Y. F. (2020). Effects of school climate and teacher self-efficacy on job satisfaction of mostly STEM teachers: a structural multigroup invariance approach. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(10), 1–12.
Alfionita, I. L., Muhaimi, L., & Fahruddin, F. (2019). The Influence of School Head Managerial and Teacher's Performance Abilities in the Quality of PAUD at Cluster 3 District Gerung. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 6(5), 849–856.
Amiruddin, A. (2010). The Influence of Academic Supervision of Madrasah Head and Madrasa Organizational Climate on Teacher Innovative performance. Journal of Educational Administration, 1(12), 1-10.
Amzah, M., & Evanita, S. (2014). The Effect of School Principal Supervision and Work Climate on Job Satisfaction of Public Elementary Teachers in Nan Sabaris Sub-district, Padang Pariaman Regency. Journal of Business and Public Management Research, 2(2). 11-19.
Andari, S. (2015 ). The principal's supervision management, teacher work motivation, and organizational climate contribute to the performance of elementary school teachers. Journal of Educational Sciences Research UNY, 2(8), 1-7.
Andriani, S., Kesumawati, N., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The influence of transformational leadership and work motivation on teachers' performance. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 7(7), 19–29.
Bailey, J., Hess, F., Cerf, C., Conaway, C., El-Mekki, S., Erquiaga, D., & White, J. (2020). A Blueprint for Back to School. American Enterprise Institute.
Bianome, W., Sonhadji, A., & Purnomo. (2016). The contributions of the principal's managerial skills and organizational climate towards productive teacher's professionalism of vocational high schools in Kupang. AIP Conference, 1778, p. 1.
Bilal, B., & Mangkunegara, A. (2017). The Influence of Principal's Managerial Ability, Work Motivation, and Organizational Climate on Teacher Performance (Case Study in Vocational High School of Letris Indonesia 2). SWOT, 7(2), 13-19.
Blackman, D., West, D., O'Flynn, J., Buick, F., & O'Donnell, M. (2015). Performance management: Creating high performance, not high anxiety. In W. J, L. H, & Y. S. Managing Under Austerity, Delivering Under Pressure: Performance and Productivity in Public Service (pp. 79-102). ANU Press.
Bogler, R. (2001). The influence of leadership style on teacher job satisfaction. Educational Administration Quarterly, 37(5), 662–683.
Bold, T., Filmer, D., Martin, G., Molina, E., Stacy, B., Rockmore, C., & Wane, W. (2017). Enrollment without Learning: Teacher Effort, Knowledge, and Skill in Primary Schools in Africa. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 31(4), 185-204.
Brown, M, K., Anfara, V. A., & Roney, K. (2004). Student achievement in high performing, suburban, middle schools, and low performing urban middle schools: Plausible explanations for the differences. Education and Urban Society, 36(4),428-456.
Burkhauser, S., Gates, S., Hamilton, L., Li, J., & Pierson, A. (2013). Laying the foundation for successful school leadership. In Laying the Foundation for Successful School Leadership (pp. 1-12). RAND Corporation.
Burkhauser, S., Pierson, A., Gates, S., & Hamilton, L. (2012a). Challenges in using outcome data to evaluate school leadership improvement efforts. In Addressing Challenges in Evaluating School Principal Improvement Efforts (pp. 7-24). RAND Corporation.
Burkhauser, S., Gates, S., Hamilton, L., & Ikemoto, G. (2012b). Background in first-year principals in Urban school districts: how actions and working conditions relate to outcomes (pp. 1-6). RAND Corporation.
Bush, T. (1998). The national professional qualification for headship: The key to effective school leadership? School Leadership and Management, 18(3), 321–333.
Davis, C. (1921). The duties of high-school principals. The School Review, 29(5), 337-350.
Faisal, A. A. (2013). The influence of the principal's managerial ability on the performance of teachers of public elementary schools in the kotagede sub-district of Yogyakarta. Yogyakarta: Hanata Widya.
Faizaluddin, F. (2020). Contribution of Academic Supervision of Madrasah Supervisors and Teacher Work Motivation on Teacher Performance in all MIN in Bandar Lampung City. State Islamic University (UIN) of Raden Intan UIN Lampung. Lampung: UIN Raden Intan Lampung.
Fitria, R. (2016). Effect of teacher competence and organizational climate on performance of teachers of islamic education in primary schools in Gunung Talang Sub-district, Solok Regency. al-fikrah: Journal of Educational Management, 2(2), 169-176.
Gonzales, G., Bozick, R., Daugherty, L., Scherer, E., Singh, R., Suarez, M., & Ryan, S. (2014). Student, Parent, and Teacher Perceptions of School Climate. In Transforming an Urban School System: Progress of New Haven School Change and New Haven Promise Education Reforms (2010–2013) (pp. 29-56). RAND Corporation.
Hallinger, P. (2005). Instructional leadership and the school principal: A passing fancy that refuses to fade away. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 4(3), 221–239.
Hamilton, L., Engberg, J., Steiner, E., Nelson, C., & Yuan, K. (2012). Principals’ leadership practices, principals’ skills, and school-and classroom-level responses to the pittsburgh principal incentive program. In improving school leadership through support, evaluation, and incentives: The pittsburgh principal incentive program (pp. 57-70). Santa Monica, CA; Arlington, VA; Pittsburgh, PA: RAND Corporation.
Hardono, H., Haryono, H., & Yusuf, A. (2017). Principal's leadership, academic supervision, and work motivation in improving teacher performance. Educational Management, 1(16), 11-19.
Idelwas, Yahya, & Alkadri, H. (2020). Contribution of school climate and principal leadership to primary school teacher performance. Journal of Basicedu, 4(2), 460-466.
Irmayani, H., Wardiah, D., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The strategy of SD Pusri in improving educational quality. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 7(7), 113–121.
Jacobson, S. (2011). Leadership effects on student achievement and sustained school success. International Journal of Educational Management, 25(1), 33–44.
Juwita, R. (2016). Contribution of academic supervision of school principals and school organization climate to teaching performance of teachers in public elementary schools in Batununggal Sub-district, Bandung City. Bandung: University of Education of Indonesia.
Kurniasih, L. (2018). Influence of teacher competence, organizational climate, and academic supervision of school principals on the performance of teachers in islamic education in public elementary schools in Sukoharjo Sub-district in 2017/208 Academic Year. Surakarta: IAIN Surakarta.
Lammers, W. J., & Badia, P. (2005). Fundamentals of behavioral research. Australia; Belmont, Ca: Thomson/Wadsworth.
Lee, M., Hallinger, P., & Walker, A. (2012). Leadership challenges in international schools in the Asia Pacific region: Evidence from program implementation of the International Baccalaureate. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 15(3), 289–310.
MacNeil, A. J., Prater, D. L., & Busch, S. C. (2019). The effects of school culture and climate on student achievement. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 12(1), 73–84.
Maghfiroh, L. (2018). The influence of principal's managerial ability level, work climate, and work motivation on the performance of pai teachers in Bahauddin Middle School Ngelom Sidoarjo. The State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel. Surabaya: State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel.
Manullang, M. (2017). The effect of soft skills, competence, and human relations skills on principal leadership. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(4), 14–27.
Mbera, P. G. (2015). Relationship between Leadership Styles used by Headteachers of Public Secondary Schools and Studentsâ™ Academic Performance. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 5 (7), 226–239.
Mukarromah, I., Mudjito, M., & Purbaningrum, E. (2019). The Effect of managerial skills (conceptual, human, and technical) of headmasters to the effectiveness of islamic senior high schools in jombang district. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Studies, 1(6), 539–544.
Mukherjee, S. (2013). A study of the managerial skills of school principals to assess their impact and relative importance in driving school’s performance. International Journal of Education and Psychological Research (IJEPR), 2(4), 1–6.
Murtiningsih, Kristiawan, M., & Lian, B. (2019). The correlation between supervision of headmaster and interpersonal communication with work ethos of the teacher. European Journal of Education Studies, 6(1), 246–256.
Nisa, K., Aslamiah., & Suhaimi. (2019). Relationship between the principal's leadership role, subordinate maturity, and work motivation towards the teacher's discipline. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 2 (4), 357-365.
Panut, Effendi, R., & Saleh, M. (2019). The Relationship of Chemistry Teacher Deliberation (MGMP) Activities and Academic Supervision with Teacher Performance. Journal of K6, Education, and Management, 3(2), 242-245
Poernamawijaya, L. W., Sulaiman, S., Suriansyah, A., & Dalle, J. (2018). Contribution to the supervision of the supervisor, principal motivation, and kindergarten teacher performance to improve the kindergarten quality in West Banjarmasin. European Journal of Alternative Education Studies, 3(2), 129-146.
Prihantoro, C. R. (2014). The perspective of the curriculum in Indonesia on environmental education. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 4(1), 77-83.
Ruus, V. R., Veisson, M., Leino, M., Ots, L., Pallas, L., Sarv, E. S., & Veisson, A. (n.d.). Students’well-being, coping, academic success, and school climate. Social Behavior and Personality, 35(7), 919–936.
Salabi. (2014). The relationship between principal management skills, organizational communication, conflict control, and organizational climate with the effectiveness of State Aliyah Madrasah Organizations in South Kalimantan Province. IAIN Antasari. Banjarmasin: IAIN Antasari.
Sari, P. (2016). The influence of the principal's managerial capabilities on the performance of public elementary school teachers in the Sub-district of Bambang Lipuro Bantul. Basic Education, 5(17), 14-20.
Sovia, Z. (2016). Effect of principal's managerial ability and work climate on teacher work performance. Open University. Jakarta: Postgraduate of Open University.
Spencer, R. (1919). The work of the school principal in supervision. The Elementary School Journal, 20(3), 176-187.
Sudarjat, J., Abdullah, T., & Sunaryo, W. (2015). Supervision, leadership, and working motivation to teachers’ performance. International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research (IJMSR), 3(6), 146–152.
Suhaimi & Efendi, N. (2018). The relationship of the principal's role and attitude towards the teacher's profession with the work performance of state high school teachers in the Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency. Lantern: Scientific Journal of Education, 13(1), 73-83.
Suhaimi & Wardaniah. (2017). The relationship between the supervision of school principals and achievement motivation with performance of public elementary school teachers in Tanjung Subdistrict, Tabalong Regency. National Seminar on PS2DMP ULM, 3, p. 2.
Suriansyah, A. (2011). Character education from the perspective of the national education system. Journal of Educational Sciences, 6(11), 117-130.
Suriansyah, A., Aslamiah, & Sulaiman. (2014). Learning strategies. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.
Suriansyah, A., Aslamiah, & Sulistiyana. (2015). Educational profession: Professional teacher perspective. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Suriansyah, A. (2015). Learning strategies. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Thomas, J., & Mengel, T. (2008). Preparing project managers to deal with complexity - Advanced project management education. International Journal of Project Management, 26(3), 304-315.
Vahim, M., Irdiana, S., & Fauziah, A. (2019). Impact of Principal Managerial Competency Standards and School Climate on the Performance of Teachers of State Vocational High 1 Tempeh. 2, pp. 460-466. Proceedings Progress Conference.
Vardi, Y. (2001). The effects of organizational and ethical climates on misconduct at work. Journal of Business Ethics, 29(2001), 325–337.
Vernez, G., Karam, R., & Marshall, J. (2012). Status of school-based management implementation. In Implementation of School-Based Management in Indonesia (pp. 39-78). RAND Corporation.
Werang, B. R. (2012). The relationship of principal's managerial skills, school climate, and teacher's work morals with the performance of public high school teachers in Merauke City. Journal of Management Applications, 595-605.
Werang, B., & Lena, L. (2014). Relationship between principal’s leadership, school organizational climate, and teachers’ job performance at state senior high schools in Merauke Regency – Papua – Indonesia. International Journal of Education and Research, 2(6), 13-20.
Winston, B., & Patterson, K. (2006). An integrative definition of leadership. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 1 (2), 6–66.
Zakariya, Y. F. (2020). Effects of school climate and teacher self-efficacy on job satisfaction of mostly STEM teachers: a structural multigroup invariance approach. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(10), 1–12.